Imagine a time when baseball truly captured the American spirit. In the early 1900s, a unique religious colony in Benton Harbor, Michigan, known as the House of David, found its own path to the national spotlight – not just through faith, but through incredible athletic talent. With their distinctive long hair and flowing beards, these devoted men formed a baseball team that became a sensation, barnstorming across the country and captivating crowds everywhere they played. This wasn’t just any team; it was a group of dedicated athletes who loved the game, turning heads and winning hearts with their skill and showmanship in American history.
But their journey wasn’t without challenges. Despite their incredible prowess on the diamond, the House of David baseball team faced rejection from Major League Baseball, simply because they wouldn’t cut their hair or shave their beards. Yet, this setback opened the door to a powerful and hopeful chapter in American sports history. These unconventional players chose to forge a different path, traveling and playing alongside the legendary teams of the Negro Leagues. Their shared passion for the game, combined with their unique identities, helped break down barriers and unite fans long before the color line in baseball was officially crossed.
📖 Read the Episode Transcript
Speaker 1: This is Our American Stories, and one of the things we’ve come to love is our stories about American history. At the turn of the century, baseball was by far the most popular sport in America, and almost everyone was participating it, including a religious colony in Benton Harbor, Michigan, founded by an eccentric man named Ben Purnell called the House of David. Here’s our own Monte Montgomery with the story of a baseball team of out guests that took America by storm.
00:00:48
Speaker 2: Growing up in Barring County, Michigan, I always knew of the House of David’s existence, mostly due to the curiosity they brought. But what I didn’t now was that they actually made a massive impact on the country outside of Benton Harbor, and one of the ways they did that was in baseball. Started as a way to deal with teenage boys and their religious belief as a colony in celibacy. Here’s Chris Siriano, founder of the House of David Museum in Saint Joe, Michigan, with more on that story.
00:01:21
Speaker 3: The House of David baseball team was started because Benjamin loved baseball, and in nineteen fourteen, they had been going for eleven years by then. Right? They have a lot of teenage boys with a whole lot of pent-up energy, and they can’t be with the opposite sex, no way, know how. They need something to do to get rid of this energy. So he said, “Let’s play some baseball.” They played all the local teams, and they were good.
00:01:49
Speaker 2: But they weren’t great yet until they managed to bring in professional players from major league teams like the Cups.
00:02:00
Speaker 3: It all started with Paul Mooney.
00:02:03
Speaker 4: Uh, he was a.
00:02:05
Speaker 3: Superstar pitcher, long black hair, super, super talented, and he was recruited by the Cubs early on in the mid-teens, and he considered playing for the Cubs, but he wouldn’t cut his hair shaved, and it wasn’t. That was their rule.
00:02:22
Speaker 4: The Major League’s.
00:02:24
Speaker 3: League Baseball required people to be clean-shaven back then, and the House of David, by the mid-nineteen-twenties, they were considered world talents in baseball. They could beat semi-pros. They could beat the major league teams if they had an opening, and they would play him, and they did on many, many, many occasions. They could beat the major league people. And they thought, “You know what? We want to be a part of that,” and they tried to join, and they were denied because they wouldn’t cut their whiskers off and cut their hair, and they absolutely would not do that because their belief was that man should be in the likeness of G, and they didn’t believe they could ever, ever shave, and they wouldn’t for just to be able to play baseball. So they barnstormed. Barnstorming was a team that just takes off and travels the country. They’ll play college teams, semi-pro teams, farm teams, major league teams. They’ll play anybody and everybody. They’ll play in your stadium, or they’ll play in your cow pasture.
00:03:27
Speaker 4: They ain’t care if.
00:03:28
Speaker 3: You want to play baseball? Let’s go. That’s what barnstorming was. They’re storming the country. They’re playing in.
00:03:35
Speaker 4: Farms, barns, anywhere. So, when they were.
00:03:44
Speaker 3: Playing baseball, they had a good time, and they invented that what they call the “pepper game,” which was worth three guys. During a fifth-inning stretch, three guys would stand across from each other and throw the ball so fast between the legs, around their neck, behind their back. They juggle it, and all of a sudden, the ball would disappear, and the crowd would go silent. During all that cheering that they were watching, they’d go totally silent, and wondering where the ball was.
00:04:13
Speaker 4: And then the House, one of.
00:04:14
Speaker 3: The House that David guys would pull his big beard up, and he’d have it stuck underneath his beard, and the crowd would roar, and it was good stuff. And so they mixed comedy with their talent and could beat you while they made you laugh, basically.
00:04:31
Speaker 2: But, rejected from the MLB because of their differences. The House of David instead played with others we’d been rejected because of.
00:04:40
Speaker 3: Their own. That’s one of the coolest stories that there is, in my opinion, is the fact that here are these long-haired, whiskered white guys from ben Hamer, Michigan, mastering baseball across the country. And during the time when they couldn’t join the major leagues because they wouldn’t shame, the Negro teams formed their own leagues because they couldn’t join the major leagues because they were Black. And so those Negro League teams invited the House of David to be a part of them, which is a beautiful thing.
00:05:14
Speaker 2: A beautiful thing, because their popularity helped lay the foundations of equality for Black baseball teams, years before Black Americans would be allowed to play in the MLB.
00:05:28
Speaker 3: And they teamed up with. And the Lloyd told the story the.
00:05:31
Speaker 2: best. Lloyd, as in one of the House of David’s baseball enforcers.
00:05:38
Speaker 3: He told the story about how they would travel to a town where they would, on a Saturday, have a doubleheader scheduled, and this town was known for baseball wherever it was across America. And he said, “Chris, we would travel our team—our white House of David team—in one bus, and we’d have the Negro team in an other bus. And within fifty miles of the main town, every little town was closed. Nobody was around. It was like shut them down, like ghost towns. We got to the place where we were playing ball, it was like a ginormous festival going on—people in the streets and music and thousands of people everywhere waiting for this game to happen. And he said, ‘We’d show up early, very early, and we’d put on a show.’”
00:06:29
Speaker 4: And here we are.
00:06:30
Speaker 3: “We know we’re the draw. We’re the reason those people are coming to that town that days I watched the House of David play.” So he said, “We would make them laugh. We would stand in front of the barbershop windows with our long hair and wave it around and play music and braid our whiskers in front of the barbershop and dance in the streets. And they were all musicians too, so they would play music in their fiddles and their banjos and sing and just get the whole town really energized.” He said, “We’d go early, very early, to the manager’s office at the stadium where we were playing and we’d.” And he said, “It was himself and his father, Hans Doallagher, who was a driver for the team, but he also wore a uniform, and Frank Wiland, who was a professional boxer and wore a uniform, but mainly a bodyguard for the team.”
00:07:24
Speaker 4: But he looked like a player.
00:07:25
Speaker 3: “Big guy.” And he said, “Chris, we’d walk in, and now these are scrappy-looking guys, a lot of whiskers, a lot of long hair, big wool uniforms, probably dirt all over him from playing so many days with no shower or laundry. And we’d stand in this manager’s baseball office and say, ‘Mister Manager, you know, we’re so happy to be here. We’re so excited that your town is just packed full of people, and we’re going to make you proud today that we came to your town.’”
00:07:56
Speaker 4: “But, sir, here’s one thing.”
00:07:59
Speaker 3: “‘Before you play us at the 11 o’clock game this morning, you’re going to play the Kansas City Monarchs or the Homestead Grays, or the Negro team that’s on our other bus right outside of your town, and they’re waiting to play, and you have to make that work because you’ve never even allowed them in your stadium before today. And not only that, but after the game, we’re going to play you the second game, and then tonight we’re going to. Both teams are going to eat in the restaurants that you didn’t allow them to go in, and we’ve rented rooms for both teams at the hotel that they never have been able to stay at before.”
00:08:39
Speaker 4: “And here’s the deal, sir.”
00:08:40
Speaker 3: “‘If you can’t get that approved, if we can’t make that happen, that’s okay, because right past your town, there’s another town sitting on raincheck, excited that we might be there to play their team today.’ So, if you can’t do that, it’s okay. We’ll just go on.” And he said, “Chris, it was total silence in that room, or a clipboard would fly, or the guy would slam his desk. But,” he said, “every time, guess what, they would say something to the effect of, ‘Okay, House of David.’ They’d come back in the room and, you know, ‘We’ll agree to what you want today. We’ll do this, but don’t you ever expect to come back to this town again after today.’” And they say, you know, he said, “We’d stand at attention, we say, ‘Thank you, thank you, sir.’”
00:09:30
Speaker 4: “‘We’ll make you proud.’ And he said, ‘Guess what?’”
00:09:34
Speaker 3: “When those Negro teams hit the field, they were unbelievable. They were so talented, so funny. They’d love to make people laugh, just like the House of David, and more. And there were standing ovations the whole game. And he said, ‘By the time we got up there, it was like the Fourth of July. Those people were so pumped up they would lighten off fireworks during fifth-inning stretch.’”
00:09:59
Speaker 4: “‘It was a amazing,’ he said.”
00:10:01
Speaker 3: “When we went to the restaurants, we left big tips for both teams, and in the hotel, they treated us like kings.”
00:10:09
Speaker 4: “And guess what? The next year we both.”
00:10:12
Speaker 3: got invited back, and we did that town after town after town across America, long before Jackie Robinson hit the majors.
00:10:23
Speaker 1: A special thanks to Chris Siriano, curator of the House of David Museum, also the founder. And, my goodness, it sounds a lot like what the Hollan Globe Trotters are doing with basketball, barnstorming the country, challenging guys to play a great sports story. The House of David’s story, here on Our American Stories.
Discover more real American voices.
